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U.S. Secretary of War Pete Hegseth clashed with Democratic lawmakers in Congress for a second day Thursday, rejecting senators’ accusations that the Iran war was launched without evidence of an imminent threat and waged with no coherent strategy.
The three-hour hearing of the Senate Armed Services Committee mostly traced the well-worn positions of Republicans and Democrats on the conflict, Hegseth’s leadership and the ways in which U.S. President Donald Trump has used the American military.
In his opening statements, Hegseth called Democratic lawmakers “reckless naysayers” and “defeatists from the cheap seats” who have failed to recognize the many successes of the U.S. military against the Islamic Republic.
Hegseth said Trump has had the courage “unlike other presidents to ensure that Iran never gets a nuclear weapon and that their nuclear blackmail never succeeds. We have the best negotiator in the world driving a great deal.”
Democrats peppered Hegseth with questions about his efforts to remake military culture, U.S. support for Ukraine and whether Trump would seek congressional approval for the war. The war secretary, as the Trump administration renamed him, said the ceasefire postpones the deadline for securing such approval.
U.S. Secretary of War Pete Hegseth defended the U.S. and Israel-Iran war in a passionate address to Congress on April 29. He denied the war was a quagmire and attacked Democratic critics.
Hegseth seemed to emerge with solid Republican support, though a few Republican senators asked about the dismissal of a top Army general and sought assurances that the Pentagon is doing everything possible to prevent civilian deaths.
The hearing was convened to discuss the Trump administration’s 2027 military budget proposal, which would boost defence spending to a historic $1.5 trillion US. Hegseth and the chair of the Joint Chiefs of Staff, Gen. Dan Caine, stressed the need for more drones, missile defence systems and warships.
Democrat argues war has left US in worse position
Sen. Jack Reed, the committee’s ranking Democrat, argued that the war has left the U.S. in a worse strategic position, with 13 American troops killed, more than 400 injured and equipment destroyed.
The Strait of Hormuz remains closed, sending fuel prices skyrocketing, Reed said. Iran still has enriched uranium and retains enough combat effectiveness to keep the conflict locked in an impasse, while Iran’s hard-line regime is still in charge.
“I am concerned that you have been telling the president what he wants to hear instead of what he needs to hear,” Reed said. “Bold assurances of success are a disservice to both the commander in chief and the troops who risked their lives based on them.”
Reed also lambasted Hegseth for his firing of top military leaders and suggested the war secretary had failed to recognize the accomplishments of women and people of colour in the military. Reed noted that 60 per cent of some two dozen officers fired by Hegseth have been female or Black.
Hegseth said any firing is based on performance and that previous Pentagon leaders “were focused on social engineering, race and gender in ways that we think were unhealthy for the department.”
He was also questioned about whether he personally is profiting from the war by making strategic investments.
“Did you, through your broker at Morgan Stanley or otherwise seek to invest in any defence related funds right before Trump started the Iran war?” Democratic Sen. Elizabeth Warren asked.
A visually annoyed Hegseth replied, ”I’ll give it to you as a big fat negative.”
Sen. Elizabeth Warren confronted U.S. Secretary of War Pete Hegseth over whether he had invested in defence-related funds before the war in Iran began during his second day of testimony before Congress.
Warmer welcome from Republicans
Hegseth received a warmer welcome from Sen. Roger Wicker, the Republican chair of the committee, and other Republican lawmakers. Wicker kicked off the hearing by noting that the U.S. is in the most dangerous security environment since the Second World War.
Through the war against Iran, Trump “has worked to remove the regime’s conventional military capabilities and force it back to the table for a permanent solution,” Wicker said.
He also commended the budget proposal for 2027, saying it “is chock full of important programs and initiatives that are absolutely necessary to secure American interest in the 21st century.”
Sen. Deb Fischer, also a Republican, praised Hegseth’s statement on the need for nuclear deterrence as well as the development of Trump’s Golden Dome missile defence program.
“For years, this committee has known that we must improve our ability to defend our homeland against a wider variety of threats,” Fischer said.
U.S. Secretary of War Pete Hegseth angrily defended the White House’s Iran war strategy at a tense congressional hearing, where he also sparred with Democrats after being asked if U.S. President Donald Trump was mentally fit for the job.
Questions about civilian deaths
Senators also focused on civilian deaths in the Iran war and the Pentagon decision to hollow out a congressionally mandated office set up specifically to reduce civilian casualties.
The Associated Press has reported that growing evidence points to U.S. culpability for a deadly strike on an Iranian elementary school adjacent to a Revolutionary Guard base that killed more than 165 people, including children.
Democratic Sen. Kirsten Gillibrand asked Hegseth, “What is your response to targeting that has resulted in the destruction of schools, hospitals, civilian places? Why did you cut by 90 per cent the division that’s supposed to help you not target civilians?”
Hegseth responded that the Pentagon has an “ironclad commitment” to do more than other countries to prevent civilian deaths.
U.S. media, including the New York Times and Reuters, are reporting that preliminary findings of an internal military investigation suggest that a deadly missile attack on a girls’ school in Minab, Iran, may have been the result of U.S. use of outdated targeting data.
A day earlier, Hegseth battled with Democrats during a nearly six-hour House Armed Services Committee hearing, where he faced sharp questioning over the war’s costs in dollars, lives and diminishing stockpiles of critical weapons.
Hegseth said Wednesday that the strike on the Iranian school remains under investigation.
War powers resolutions fail to pass
Democrats have called the conflict a costly war of choice that lacks congressional approval or oversight. But they have failed to pass multiple war powers resolutions that would have required Trump to halt the conflict until Congress authorizes further action.
Under the War Powers Act of 1973, Congress must declare war or authorize use of force within 60 days — a deadline that arrives Friday. The law provides for a potential 30-day extension, but the Republican administration has not indicated publicly whether Trump will seek it.
Sen. Tim Kaine, a Democrat from Virginia, asked Hegseth if Trump will seek congressional authorization or ask for the 30-day extension. The war secretary said the clock pauses during a ceasefire. Kaine disagreed based on his reading of the law.
The Trump administration is in “active conversations” with lawmakers on addressing the 60-day timeline, according to a White House official, who spoke on condition of anonymity to discuss private deliberations.